Git Article

Git is the version control that system keeps track changes to a file or set of files over time so that we can go back to the specific versions later.

git has three stages:

1)Working tree/Untracked area: here we can create,update or delete the files,here doesn't track the changes yet.

2)Staging area: here we are preparing to commit the changes,git start tracking from here.

3)Commited Stage:here we commit the changes that we did.

GIT COMMANDS:

1.git init :it is used to intialize the git repository.

git init

2.git add : it is used to add the changes from untracked area to staging area by using the keyword 'add'.

git add filename #add the specific file to staging area
git add . #it is used to add the all the files present in working tree

3.git commit : it is used to commit the changes from staging area to commit area using keyword 'commit'.

git commit -m "msg"

4.git branch : it is used to display the branchs in the current folder.

git branch #it list the branchs
git branch newbranchname #it just create the new branch

5.git checkout : it is used to switch the specified branch.

git checkout branch #switch to mentioned branch
git checkout -b newbranch #it create new brach and switch to that branch

6.git status : show modified files in working directory and staged for your next commit.

git status

7.git reset : it used to revert staging area to working area and commit area to staging area and working area.

git reset . #reset the all files from staging to unstage
git reset filename #reset the file to working area
git reset --soft HEAD~1 # reset the commit area to staging area
git reset --hard HEAD~1 #reset the commit area to working area

8.git log : it is used to give the commit history.

git log
git log --oneline #gives in one line

9.git push : it is used to push the local commits to remote repository.

git push -u origin <branch_name>

10.git pull : it is used to fetch and download content from remote repository and immediately update the local repository.

git pull origin <branch_name>

11.git remote add : it is used to add a new remote repository to your Git project.

git remote add <name> url

12.git merge :it is used to merge the branches.

git merge branchname #it is used merge current branch with branchname

13.git rebase : it is used to reapply commits on top of another base commit. It's often used to integrate changes from one branch onto another branch in a more linear and clean manner than merging.

git rebase <branch_name>

14.git diff : it will show the differences between the working directory and the staging area , or between the staging area and the most recent commit, depending on what's currently staged.

git diff #changes in working area
git diff --staged#difference between staging and most recent commit

15.git clone : it is used to create a copy of a Git repository. It copies the repository from a remote source to your local machine.

git clone <repository_URL>